Marqcquel gomes: Portugal are going to win the Euro’s.

Hotel Rwanda is a movie based on a true story about Rwanda’s problems involving Hutus and Tutsi. Paul Rusesabagina is a hotel manager who housed many Tutsi refugees. During the time, he faces difficulties and struggles because  Hutus decide to have revenge on them. Terry George, the director, used these techniques in Hotel Rwanda and brought a vast set of cinematographic techniques. This wide range of techniques included camera angles, camera shots, music, etc. The commencement of the scene started when Paul approached a vehicle with an anonymous driver but is interrupted by a member of Tutsi: George. Trying to be convinced, Paul responds using his resourceful methods. Driving back, Paul stops the van and exits it. He had found himself in a sea of dead bodies, in an unknown, mysterious setting. Throughout this essay I am going to be examining the different types of camera uses.

The first technique I am going to analyse is camera shots. Terry George uses Camera shots in the scene to show certain emotions of such objects and characters. This is to show the perception of the frame. An example would be when Paul was devastated at the fact there were dead bodies. Meanwhile the camera had showed a mid-shot of Paul. Throughout this moment, we could see Paul’s body language and confusion at this stage as he had just found himself in an unlikely setting. The director, Terry George, used the mid shot effectively as the shot included a new gloomy setting and Paul in focus. As he continues to stare, the camera approaches his face, displaying his reaction to the bodies, capturing a close up shot of Paul. The close up shots showed Paul’s true feelings toward the dead bodies. During this, it had showed that Paul was purposely lead to a wrong direction. In addition, a Long shot was captured when the van was approaching its destination. This shot gave the audience a glimpse of the foggy setting and the vehicle which was the focus at the time. It also increases the suspense as the new setting had just been presented so the audience would be questioning themselves, wanting to know more. As the scene progresses Paul is seen observing the dead bodies whilst he is being caught in the “over the shoulder” shot. This is effective because the over the shoulder shot gives them the shot from the character’s perspective. This makes the audience more involved and they feel more engaged with this shot. Camera shots give the audience more of an idea of how the perception of the scene is and how the characters are actually feeling during a particular time.

Additionally, another two technique which has contributed in this epiphany scene is Camera movement and Camera angles. Terry George uses Camera angles to make us feel like we are accompanying the characters. A scenario of this is when Paul is seen on the right of the frame, exiting the van. The camera angle is located at an eye-level angle. This angle is when the character is at an equal length with the audience, allowing the audience to feel comfortable. Paul trips and falls to the surface however the camera angle remains at the ‘level angle’. Eventually the camera angle is at a low angle, following Paul’s act. This made it very natural because our natural instinct is the same as this technique he used. Also this makes the spectator worried because they have no clue where Paul is. The tension builds because the camera angle doesn’t follow Paul, as it normally would. This is how the director improves Paul’s epiphany scene. The second technique is camera movements. This is the motion/movements of the camera during the scene. An example of the director being exceptionally successful is, mid-scene, when Paul is shocked at his observation. He is showed side to side at the camera and steadily the camera transforms its way to the over the shoulder shot. Whilst the movement is being made, we could see Paul’s mood and body language as it slowly proceeds past him. Another situation which includes camera movement is when Paul was observing his surroundings and discovered the ground was brimful with bodies. When this happens the camera shows Paul’s actual perspective, looking at the bodies. The camera slowly tours the bodies. One by one, the camera (which shows Paul’s observation) moves from body to body. This develops the scene because the audience views something the characters actually view which makes them agree with Paul’s feelings toward the subject and more understanding of how serious it is.

The second technique Terry George uses is focus. He uses focus in the scene to centralize the main image in the frame. This is drawing the audience’s attention to the specific picture and blurs the non-related bits which are only indistinctly out of focus. Paul begins to realize that George’s statement was sarcastically false. Mid scene, Paul makes a sudden departure out of the van and drops. As he slowly recovers, Paul is in clear focus however the bodies surrounding him are indistinctly out of focus. The camera had enhanced Paul, making him stand out whilst the dead bodies were blurred. This is convincing as Paul is just trying to identify his surroundings at the same pace as the audience. Gradually Paul’s surroundings became clear in focus. Overall, Focus makes us have that anxious anxiety, making us question “what is the object out of focus?”

Another two techniques the director works on is music and sound. Music is the intense percussion rhythm in the background which adds to the suspenseful moment that is eventually leading up to the ‘final piece’. Different music equates to different moods. When Paul dramatically fell onto the dead bodies, he gasped because he was not aware of the situation outside. The atmosphere at that moment was scary, foggy and unclear. A second later a slow, mysterious, repetitive rhythm was added on to the scene. This affected the scene because it made the spectators feel anxious as it was the correct sound, matching the mood. Music changes the way the scene is held because without the music the viewers wouldn’t feel that anxiety flowing through them which is needed. Similarly, sound is another movie ability the director uses to build tension. Sound is the short, computerized special effects. An example of this happening is when Paul noticed the dead girl. As soon as he became aware of her, a sound of a machete being released was played. This gives the scene more tension as the specific sound linked to the scene. The relevance of the sound and the scene was based on the horrific murders from the Hutus to the Tutsi. This was very effective as it made a scary atmosphere but also linked to the scene. Another example is when Paul falls and a sudden drop beat is played. This occurred because the surface he landed on was unexpected and improbable. It developed the scene because the sound was followed by the machete and the mysterious music. It caused a daunting experience for the audience. These two techniques are outstanding and give the scene more tension but are underrated for its qualities. This is how Terry George used music and sound to improve the quality of Paul’s epiphany scene. 

In conclusion, Terry George has successfully uses a variety of cinematographic techniques to increase the tension of Paul’s epiphany scene. He controls the viewer’s attention using his intelligent methods.As seen is this essay, he develops the scene by creating his own way to make it suspenseful and natural as possible.

Fate is a predetermined act and is a decision to occur in the future. In this piece of writing I will clarify how Shakespeare makes fate effective and how he explores it.

William Shakespeare uses a wide range of language technique to communicate and explore fate with for example, Metaphors. Metaphor is a standard way that Shakespeare uses, to explore fate. In an example Romeo has an inquiry to God, requesting Him to direct himself , “He that hath steerage of my course, direct my sail “.  The explanation for this would be: Shakespeare defines Romeo as the ship and God as the captain. As well as that Romeo allows God to lead his life and let fate decide his path. In addition, Shakespeare continues his metaphor referring to the ship. Romeo affirms ” Thou desperate pilot, now at once run on the dashing rocks thy sea-sick, weary bark“. This metaphor proceeds to say Romeo has come to a conclusion to disobey his fate, directed by God. The reason being is because Romeo considered God to lead him to a positive life. However this combination of fate and metaphor had deceived him and instead he decided to be ignorant by a suicidal act. Another way William Shakespeare analyses the idea of fate in his play (Romeo and Juliet) using metaphors is when Romeo states “some consequences yet hanging in the stars” The information being delivered is that Romeo is not controlling his life, he lets fate decide it.  Furthermore this quote has a reference to God, revealing the stars as God ( as during the Elizabethan era a dense population was a theist, believing in God) This is announcing God will conclude his life. Finally, Shakespeare had been very effective, writing the narrative fate at the commencement  of the play. Shakespeare has used two type of figurative language which is very effective. As well as this, it is very suspenseful and very powerful as the combination gives a hint of what is going to happen.

Additionally, Shakespeare has used other abilities to explore fate. An example of this is coincidence. He used this a various amount of  times and the play is filled up with coincidence. An important example Shakespeare considered in his writing is the meeting of the two both, main characters. In act 1 scene 2 Romeo was given a invitation letter to read by an anonymous servant who couldn’t read. He was not invited because of all the hatred his family and their family have been through. This is coincidence because If it hadn’t been for the servant who couldn’t read, Romeo would have not attended the party and met the love of his life,Juliet.  Benvolio persuades Romeo to go to the party:   “Go thither and with untainned eye compare her (Rosaline’s) face with some that I shall show”. Shakespeare has used coincidence a multiple of times. In act 5 scene 1 Romeo is expecting to receive good news after a happy dream he had but instead Benvolio arrives too early informing that Juliet is dead. This is a coincidence as Benvolio arrived too early. If he came later, the letter of the plan would’ve been delivered to Romeo, making him aware of the plan.  Another powerful example Shakespeare uses is the arrival of Romeo approaching Juliet’s tomb in Verona (in act 5) . Benvolio passes the message that Juliet is dead. Romeo rushes to the location accompanied with poison so that he can kill himself with Juliet by his side. This is a coincidence that Romeo arrived at the time he did. If he appeared later than his original time, he wouldn’t of experience death and Juliet’s sleeping potion would have worn out. Coincidence happens to occur in the important events such as the meeting of Romeo and Juliet and the death of Romeo and Juliet.

The prologue is also a common example Shakespeare used to interpret fate. As well as the interpretation of fate it also uses a range of other abilities such as similes and dramatic irony.   “Do with their death bury their parents’ strife”. This is known as fate in the prologue as it is notifying that when Romeo and Juliet’s death occur, the death of their parents rivalry will occur too.The prologue maintained effective and had many metaphorical examples of fate but one which I would like to give my explanation is the line which says “ A pair of star cross’d lovers take their life“. At the beginning of the play it states this wonderful quote. It begins with a pair of star cross’d lovers  which means a random, unique pair came across each other by coincidence. However the next bit leading on from there (lovers take their life) examines a different thing, saying both lovers kill themselves for each other. Also dramatic irony was used when Shakespeare used to explore fate because the prologue is a sonnet at the beginning of the play, using fate where the audience knows something that the characters don’t. Within the fourteen line sonnet, Shakespeare tells us the hints to the entire story using fate.

How does William Shakespeare explore the concept of fate in Romeo and Juliet?                                                            Overall, to summarize William Shakespeare has an amazing talent of English writing and explored fate exceptionally well. He had blended a vast majority of English techniques, forming a compound. He has used metaphors, coincidence, an introductory chorus to investigate fate and much more to accompany fate with. Fate played a very dominant roll in the play, Romeo and Juliet. Fate was the reason why Romeo and Juliet met. Without it, Romeo and Juliet would have been a very diverse play to what we know it today.

Act 5 Scene 2

Friar John – Oh , Nice to see you my brother, hi!

Friar Lawrence makes an entrance.

Friar Lawrence – I recognize this voice, It appears to sound like Friar John. Welcome back  from Mantua.  What was the response of Romeo’s , Give me his letter.

Friar John – I went to introduce my self to another brother to accompany me. He escorted me there and  it appeared there were a bunch of sick people and the officers suspected that we had an infection , the plague. Unfortunately my journey to Mantua was unsuccessful as they locked the doors, disallowing us to depart.

Friar Lawrence – Then who delivered the letter to Romeo?

Friar John – I couldn’t send it, here it is ( giving the letter to him) I couldn’t send a messenger as they thought they were going to spread the infection.

Friar  Lawrence – Oh unfortunate fortune. By my brother, This weren’t just a greeting towards Romeo ,it was a message full with important things. This is dangerous that it has not been received. Friar John go get me an iron crow and come back to my cell.

Friar John – Brother I will go and bring it back to you.

Friar Lawrence – Now i must be alone in my cell and think of a solution. In 3 hours Juliet will wake up. She’ll be very angry as romeo has not received the important letter describing what is going on. I will write again to Mantua and I’ll keep her in my cell until the arrival of  Romeo. That Poor thing, she is locked inside a dead man’s tomb.

Friar Lawrence departs.

Scene 1

Romeo is desperately in love with Juliet and expresses his love towards her and also is too attracted to the party that he vanishes from his friends. Benvolio and Mercutio are trying to find Romeo. Eventually they give up, returning home.

Scene 2 

This scene is settled outside Capulet’s orchard when Romeo enters.

Romeo dashes to Juliet, arranging a romantic meeting. He observers his surroundings, trying to find Juliet. Eventually Juliet is spotted by the window. Their eyes are attracted to each other and Juliet approaches closer to romeo by going to the balcony. They talk about love and marriage. Whilst their conversation continues, The nurse calls for Juliet. Juliet replies that she is on her way nevertheless she continues to talk about the rivalry between Montugue and Capulet. As well as that they have already assured themselves that they are getting married the next day at 9;00 a.m as Juliet proposed. She will send a messenger a to  broadcast the important message.

Scene 3 

Romeo has already been successful by finding Friar Lawrence. Romeo greets the Friar and disrupts the speech on plants.  Friar detects that Romeo is looking more cheerful, thinking Romeo and Rosaline are together.   He questions Romeo why is he so happy. Romeo tells him he has gotten over Rosaline and found new love, Juliet. He asks Friar to combine Juliet and Romeo so they can be married. Friar observes this as a good aspect, thinking this will stop the rivalry between Capulet and Montugue.

Scene 4

 Benvolio and mercutio are still trying to find Romeo as he has been challenged by Tybalt. They are in denial and continues to make banter towards Romeo. Romeo finally appears happy and engage in the banter until the nurse arrives. Romeo is asked to be spoken privately. She says she agrees to the marriage but where will it happen. Romeo addresses the place to the nurse and she departs.

Scene 5 

As the Nurse returns, Juliet repeatedly asks Nurse what is the news. Juliet recieves the news and is overjoyed and thankful towards the nurse as she makes her way to Friar.

 Scene 6

Romeo,Juliet and the Friar are all addressed at the same place the friar marries them with no audience to see them.

Scene 1                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gregory and Sampson starts the scene, ambling through the streets and communicating sarcastically.

Abraham and Balthazar arrives, producing a fight with the Montugue,” Do you bite your thumb at us, sir.” (A very impolite gesture)

Benvolio enters and approaches them,trying to separate them.

Tybalt appears, responsible for another brawl.

A while later the non combatants  accompany the fight.

Prince Esculas and his soldiers enter. He states and exclaims if another war is introduced by the Capulet or Montugue he will give them a death sentence.

Sooner or later Romeo expresses his feelings about a woman who doesn’t return the same love back to him, Rosaline.

Scene 2

The scene begins  in a street in Verona where Paris talks to Capulet about the untrue marriage between Juliet and himself.

However Capulet exclaims that Juliet is not yet fourteen and is too young as she has only been living for thirteen years and assures him to meet in two years.

Paris tries to disapprove to the fact that Juliet is to young as mothers have made babies at a younger age.

Capulet has held a party in Verona and invites guest to the feast .

Romeo and Benvolio decide to go, (even though they were not sent an invitation) comparing Rosaline to the other girls in Verona.

Scene 3

This scene is set on Sunday afternoon at Capulet’s house. Capulet, Lady Capulet and Nurse enter.

Lady Capulet and the nurse verbally wondering where is Juliet.

Juliet enter questioning who calls her : “How now, who calls?”

The nurse compliments ans speaks about the experience looking after Juliet as she Breast fed and was like a second mother to her.

A while Later Nurse states the word ‘Married’ during her speech which was an coincidence as the topic was marriage.

Juliet responds it is not her dream to get married. Lady Capulet tells Juliet Paris is seeking his love for her. Juliet answers I will observe the appearance  to see if i like him but wont deeply research him.

Scene 4

Romeo discovers that fate has helped him as the party based on costumes.

They all wear masks including mercutio.

Mercutio decides to introduce some banter however Romeo refuses to engage in it.

Scene 5

The scene is settled at Capulet’s house on Sunday night.

Romeo is at a Capulet’s party whilst he is a Montugue. He has fallen in love with Juliet who is a Capulet however , the both of them don’t know that.

Tybalt recognizes Romeo’s voice and discovers that there is a Montugue present.

Romeo approaches Juliet and kisses her. They both kiss again as it is only fair that Romeo takes her sins.

The nurse arrives and tell Juliet that her mother, Lady Capulet, is call her. Romeo then questions who is her mother. The nurse response devastates Romeo as now he has  identified Juliet’s identity.

Act 5 Scene 1

Romeo has woken up with a joyful mood. However Balthazar appears with news from Verona. Romeo transformed from happy to sad. Unfortunately for Romeo the letter has just been delivered so he did not receive it. Romeo is full of anger so he is on his way to the Apothecary ,who sells illegal properties and drugs,to commit suicide in Verona. Romeo out stands him by the money he offers. He sells it and Romeo is off to  Verona.

Act 4 Scene 1

Juliet eventually reaches and arrives the Friar Lawrence’s house, Immediately saying she will commit suicide if Friar don’t think of a plan to avoid the marriage between herself and Paris. Friar approaches Juliet with a solution which is to make  Juliet drink a potion which is known to make her fall asleep for 42 hours. This will make the Capulets think tat she is dead. The Capulets would position her on a tomb. This has already avoided the marriage. After some time Romeo would approach the tomb and let their lives continue from there. Friar promises he will contact Romeo via delivering a letter to him to keep him up to date with the plan.

Romeo’s time with Juliet is over. Romeo and Juliet are disturbed as there is an anonymous storming through the doors of Juliet’s room. Romeo quickly hides. However the face appeared to be  the Nurse. Nevertheless the Nurse arrives with bad news, Warning them Lady catapult is on her way. Romeo sadly departs, climbing through the window. But as Romeo leaves he promises  they will see each other again. As Lady catapult was in the process of telling Juliet her marriage is taking place on Thursday, Juliet is outraged stating ” I will not marry yet; And when I do I swear it shall be Romeo whom you know I hate.”  Whilst the refusal is continuing Catapult approaches Juliet with anger, threatening if she continues she wont be declared as his daughter. Lady Capulet refuses to help. A while later the nurse decides to change sides and agree to Juliet parents saying maybe it is the right match. Juliet is annoyed, running to Friar.

The scene is setted at Monday evening: Capulet’s house. Capulet, Lady Capulet and Paris are engaging in a conversation about the marriage between Paris and Juliet. Capulet is trembling with anger as Juliet shows refusal and frustration towards her farther, making the situation worse. Capulet decides to decrease the days to her wedding, shortening it.